Claude Code के साथ Docker Compose

Docker Composeで再現性のあるdevelopment environment buildする

Docker Composeは複数のcontainerを定義・managementするツールで、development environmentのbuildを大幅にefficiency improvementでき है।Claude Codeはservice構成の設計 सेDockerfileのoptimization तक、インフラ構成もスムーズにサポートし है।

フルスタックdevelopment environmentの構成

Claude CodeにProject全体の構成を依頼 करें।

> Next.js + PostgreSQL + Redisのdevelopment environmentをDocker Composeでbuildして。
> ホットリロードsupport、初期data投入、ヘルスcheck付きで。

# docker-compose.yml
version: "3.9"

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    volumes:
      - .:/app
      - /app/node_modules
      - /app/.next
    environment:
      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:password@db:5432/myapp
      - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379
      - NODE_ENV=development
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy
      redis:
        condition: service_healthy
    command: npm run dev

  db:
    image: postgres:16-alpine
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: postgres
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password
      POSTGRES_DB: myapp
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
      - ./docker/init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U postgres"]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5

  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
    volumes:
      - redis_data:/data
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "ping"]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5

  mailhog:
    image: mailhog/mailhog
    ports:
      - "1025:1025"
      - "8025:8025"

volumes:
  postgres_data:
  redis_data:

development用Dockerfileのoptimization

ホットリロードにsupportしたdevelopment用Dockerfile है।

# Dockerfile.dev
FROM node:20-alpine

WORKDIR /app

# packagefileのみ先にコピーしてcacheutilization
COPY package.json package-lock.json ./
RUN npm ci

# ソースcodeはボリュームマウントで共有
# COPYは不要（docker-compose.ymlでsettings済み）

EXPOSE 3000

CMD ["npm", "run", "dev"]

本番用マルチステージbuild

本番deploy用のoptimizationされたDockerfile है।

# Dockerfile
# ステージ1: dependenciesのinstall
FROM node:20-alpine AS deps
WORKDIR /app
COPY package.json package-lock.json ./
RUN npm ci --production=false

# ステージ2: build
FROM node:20-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=deps /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

# ステージ3: 本番image
FROM node:20-alpine AS runner
WORKDIR /app

RUN addgroup --system --gid 1001 nodejs
RUN adduser --system --uid 1001 nextjs

COPY --from=builder /app/public ./public
COPY --from=builder --chown=nextjs:nodejs /app/.next/standalone ./
COPY --from=builder --chown=nextjs:nodejs /app/.next/static ./.next/static

USER nextjs
EXPOSE 3000
ENV PORT 3000

CMD ["node", "server.js"]

環境別の構成file分離

development・test・本番でsettingsを分離するpattern है।

# docker-compose.override.yml（development environment用、自動読み込み）
services:
  app:
    volumes:
      - .:/app
      - /app/node_modules
    environment:
      - DEBUG=true
      - LOG_LEVEL=debug

  db:
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"

  adminer:
    image: adminer
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    depends_on:
      - db

# docker-compose.test.yml
services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
    environment:
      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:password@db:5432/myapp_test
      - NODE_ENV=test
    command: npm run test:ci
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy

  db:
    image: postgres:16-alpine
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: myapp_test
      POSTGRES_USER: postgres
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: password
    tmpfs:
      - /var/lib/postgresql/data
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U postgres"]
      interval: 3s
      timeout: 3s
      retries: 10

Makefileでcommandを簡略化

よくuse करनाcommandをMakefileにまとめ है।

.PHONY: up down build logs db-shell db-migrate db-seed test

up:
	docker compose up -d

down:
	docker compose down

build:
	docker compose build --no-cache

logs:
	docker compose logs -f app

db-shell:
	docker compose exec db psql -U postgres -d myapp

db-migrate:
	docker compose exec app npx prisma migrate dev

db-seed:
	docker compose exec app npx prisma db seed

test:
	docker compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.test.yml run --rm app

clean:
	docker compose down -v --remove-orphans

Summary

Docker Composeを使えば、チーム全員がsamedevelopment environmentをsimpleに再現でき है।Claude Code का लाभ उठाकर、service構成、Dockerfileoptimization、環境分離 आदिのインフラsettingsをefficientlybuildpossible है।

container化されたdevelopment environmentのさらなるintegrationはDev Containersettingsガイドを、CI/CDpipelineとのintegrationはCI/CDsetupガイドをदेखें。Docker Composeofficial documentationもconfirmしておきましょう。